HDFC BANK LTD

HDBdata completeness 100%16 fiscal years on file
The thesis, from the filings

HDFC BANK LTD earns about 21% on invested capital, far above its ~9% cost of capital, but has diluted owners by 39% over 5 years — a real edge showing up in the numbers. The estimate methods put fair value between $8.16 and $62.85 a share.Whether it’s worth owning at today’s price is the last question — and yours to answer, below.

i. The business — what you’d actually own
FigureFY 2021FY 2022FY 2023FY 2024FY 2025
Revenue$10.7B1$11.8B2$13.8B3$22.2B4$25.6B5
Net income$4.46B6$5.09B7$6.03B8$7.47B9$7.88B10
Operating cash flow$12.6B11$7.66B12$5.81B13$12.3B14$14B15
Capital expenditure$243.5M16$347M17$530.7M18$646M19$777.2M20
Free cash flow (derived)$12.4B11$7.31B12$5.28B13$11.6B14$13.2B15
Total debt$19.3B21$27.8B22$38.3B23$95.5B24$84B25
Cash & equivalents$12.3B26$13.7B27$16.6B28$24.4B29$23.2B29
Diluted shares5.52B5.56B5.59B7.11B7.66B

Superscripts are receipts. Each links to the SEC filing the number came from (full list at the bottom).

ii. Your slice — ownership made literal
If you owned
shares
Net assets behind them
$117.32
your share of equity
Profit it earned you last year
$10.29
Free cash flow it threw off
$17.26
Debt you’d be carrying
$109.61

10 shares is a claim on $117.32 of net worth that earned you $10.29 and generated $17.26 of cash last year, against $109.61 of debt.

iii. Is this a good business?
Moat signal · return on invested capital
21% avg · 5y
FY21 29%FY22 23%FY23 23%FY24 15%FY25 14%

It earned about 21% on invested capital, year after year, against a ~9% cost of capital — the footprint of real pricing power. Competition usually drags returns like this back down; here it hasn't.

seeing a moat in the numbers →
Management signal · capital allocation
+39% shares · 5y

Share count is up 39% over 5 years — owners have been diluted. Worth asking what they got for it. Total debt has risen 334% over the same window.

reading capital allocation →

Signals, not verdicts — read from the filings above. Numbers don’t prove a moat; they show its footprint. You decide.

iv. What it’s worth — engine v0.1.0

The 3 estimate methods that apply put fair value between $8.16 and $62.85 a share. They rest on different assumptions, so where they diverge is the story; the Graham Number is a stricter floor, not a target.

DCF · Growth Exit 10Y
$62.85
assumptions (10)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • terminalGrowth2.5%
  • projectionYears10
  • fcfGrowth16.7%
  • fcfBase$11.6B
DCF · Growth Exit 5Y
$35.58
assumptions (10)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • terminalGrowth2.5%
  • projectionYears5
  • fcfGrowth16.7%
  • fcfBase$11.6B
Earnings Power Value
$8.16
assumptions (8)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • normalizedEarnings$6.03B
  • growthAssumed0.0%
Graham Number
$16.57
assumptions (1)
  • grahamMultiplier2250.0%

Different models answer different questions — which to trust when →

v. The price question — last, on purpose
Is today’s price fair?
See live price ↗
Type a price. The ledger answers.
Or set your own belief
FCF growth, next 5 years16.7%
Discount rate (WACC)8.93%
Terminal growth2.5%
At your growth, a share is worth $35.58
The three cases
Bear0.0%$13.75
Base16.7%$35.58
Bull20.0%$41.54

Bear/base/bull growth = 0% / filed history / history + 5pp. Type a price to see the return each case implies.

Default growth 16.7%= this company’s own filed history (median-to-median FCF CAGR, clamped 0–20%). Your adjustments are recorded anonymously. They become the “what do owners actually believe” dataset.

Sources — the receipts
  1. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-21-226470 (Revenues)
  2. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (Revenues)
  3. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (Revenues)
  4. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (Revenues)
  5. 20-F · period ending 2025-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (Revenues)
  6. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-21-226470 (NetIncomeLoss)
  7. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (NetIncomeLoss)
  8. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (NetIncomeLoss)
  9. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (NetIncomeLoss)
  10. 20-F · period ending 2025-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (NetIncomeLoss)
  11. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-21-226470 (NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities)
  12. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities)
  13. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities)
  14. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities)
  15. 20-F · period ending 2025-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities)
  16. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-21-226470 (PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment)
  17. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment)
  18. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment)
  19. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment)
  20. 20-F · period ending 2025-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment)
  21. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-21-226470 (LongTermDebt)
  22. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (LongTermDebt)
  23. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (LongTermDebt)
  24. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (LongTermDebt)
  25. 20-F · period ending 2025-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (LongTermDebt)
  26. 20-F · period ending 2021-03-31 · accession 0001193125-22-206623 (CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents)
  27. 20-F · period ending 2022-03-31 · accession 0001193125-23-177990 (CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents)
  28. 20-F · period ending 2023-03-31 · accession 0001193125-24-187406 (CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents)
  29. 20-F · period ending 2024-03-31 · accession 0001193125-25-158722 (CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents)