EQUINOR ASA

EQNRdata completeness 88%11 fiscal years on file
The thesis, from the filings

EQUINOR ASA earns about 36% on invested capital, far above its ~9% cost of capital, and has bought back 23% of its shares over 5 years — the marks of a durable business run for its owners. The estimate methods put fair value between $36.5 and $43.66 a share.Whether it’s worth owning at today’s price is the last question — and yours to answer, below.

i. The business — what you’d actually own
FigureFY 2021FY 2022FY 2023FY 2024FY 2025
Revenue$90.9B1$150.8B2$107.2B3$103.8B3$106.5B3
Net income$8.56B4$28.7B5$11.9B6$8.81B6$5.04B6
Operating cash flow$28.8B7$35.1B8$29.3B9$19.5B9$20B9
Capital expenditure$8.04B10$8.76B11$10.6B12$12.2B12$14B12
Free cash flow (derived)$20.8B7$26.4B8$18.7B9$7.29B9$5.98B9
Total debt$27.7B13$26.7B14$24.6B15$21.5B15
Cash & equivalents$14B16$9.45B17$8.07B17$5.9B17$5.04B17
Diluted shares3.23B3.12B2.94B2.94B2.50B

Superscripts are receipts. Each links to the SEC filing the number came from (full list at the bottom).

ii. Your slice — ownership made literal
If you owned
shares
Net assets behind them
$161.68
your share of equity
Profit it earned you last year
$20.17
Free cash flow it threw off
$23.91
Debt you’d be carrying

10 shares is a claim on $161.68 of net worth that earned you $20.17 and generated $23.91 of cash last year.

iii. Is this a good business?
Moat signal · return on invested capital
36% avg · 5y
FY21 31%FY22 56%FY23 30%FY24 27%FY25 37%

It earned about 36% on invested capital, year after year, against a ~9% cost of capital — the footprint of real pricing power. Competition usually drags returns like this back down; here it hasn't.

seeing a moat in the numbers →
Management signal · capital allocation
−23% shares · 5y

Share count is down 23% over 5 years — management has been buying back stock, quietly handing owners a bigger slice. Total debt has fallen 22% — deleveraging.

reading capital allocation →

Signals, not verdicts — read from the filings above. Numbers don’t prove a moat; they show its footprint. You decide.

iv. What it’s worth — engine v0.1.0

The 3 estimate methods that apply put fair value between $36.5 and $43.66 a share. They rest on different assumptions, so where they diverge is the story; the Graham Number is a stricter floor, not a target.

DCF · Growth Exit 10Y
$40.53
assumptions (10)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • terminalGrowth2.5%
  • projectionYears10
  • fcfGrowth0.0%
  • fcfBase$7.29B
DCF · Growth Exit 5Y
$43.66
assumptions (10)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • terminalGrowth2.5%
  • projectionYears5
  • fcfGrowth0.0%
  • fcfBase$7.29B
Earnings Power Value
$36.5
assumptions (8)
  • riskFreeRate4.7%
  • equityRiskPremium5.0%
  • beta100.0%
  • equityWeight85.0%
  • costOfDebtSpread1.5%
  • taxRate21.0%
  • normalizedEarnings$8.81B
  • growthAssumed0.0%
Graham Number
$26.57
assumptions (1)
  • grahamMultiplier2250.0%

Different models answer different questions — which to trust when →

v. The price question — last, on purpose
Is today’s price fair?
See live price ↗
Type a price. The ledger answers.
Or set your own belief
FCF growth, next 5 years0.0%
Discount rate (WACC)8.93%
Terminal growth2.5%
At your growth, a share is worth $43.66
The three cases
Bear0.0%$43.66
Base0.0%$43.66
Bull5.0%$53.74

Bear/base/bull growth = 0% / filed history / history + 5pp. Type a price to see the return each case implies.

Default growth 0.0%= this company’s own filed history (median-to-median FCF CAGR, clamped 0–20%). Your adjustments are recorded anonymously. They become the “what do owners actually believe” dataset.

Sources — the receipts
  1. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-24-000034 (Revenue)
  2. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (Revenue)
  3. 20-F · period ending 2023-12-31 · accession 0001140625-26-000013 (Revenue)
  4. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-24-000034 (ProfitLossAttributableToOwnersOfParent)
  5. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (ProfitLossAttributableToOwnersOfParent)
  6. 20-F · period ending 2023-12-31 · accession 0001140625-26-000013 (ProfitLossAttributableToOwnersOfParent)
  7. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-24-000034 (CashFlowsFromUsedInOperatingActivities)
  8. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (CashFlowsFromUsedInOperatingActivities)
  9. 20-F · period ending 2023-12-31 · accession 0001140625-26-000013 (CashFlowsFromUsedInOperatingActivities)
  10. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-24-000034 (PurchaseOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentClassifiedAsInvestingActivities)
  11. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (PurchaseOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentClassifiedAsInvestingActivities)
  12. 20-F · period ending 2023-12-31 · accession 0001140625-26-000013 (PurchaseOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentClassifiedAsInvestingActivities)
  13. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-23-000036 (Borrowings)
  14. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-24-000034 (Borrowings)
  15. 20-F · period ending 2023-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (Borrowings)
  16. 20-F · period ending 2021-12-31 · accession 0001140625-25-000062 (CashAndCashEquivalents)
  17. 20-F · period ending 2022-12-31 · accession 0001140625-26-000013 (CashAndCashEquivalents)